Computer Engineering vs. Computer Science: Which Should You Study?

The computer science and computer engineering industries are seeing growing demand for qualified technology professionals. Expansions in artificial intelligence, increasing cybersecurity threats, greater software development needs and general tech industry growth have all contributed to this upward trend.

While the two fields are closely related, computer engineering and computer science have distinctly different focuses, skill development and career outcomes. This guide explains the key differences in curriculum, possible career paths and technical emphasis, highlighting the unique features of computer engineering. You’ll also learn how the Bachelor of Science in Computer Engineering Technology (CET) program from the University of West Alabama Online prepares graduates to become industry leaders in this evolving field.

What Is Computer Science?

Computer science is the study of algorithms, software development and computational systems and the theories and principles behind them. This field of study focuses on foundational elements of computers and technology, including programming, data structures and software systems.

Key areas of study typically include artificial intelligence (AI), data science, machine learning and cybersecurity. Students focus heavily on programming, data structures and software systems as well as computer architecture, which explores how hardware and software interact.

Computer scientists design and develop software solutions that help business innovation by applying computational theory and mathematical principles through a systematic process. This process analyzes needs, designs architecture and implements various codes using algorithms. Their work often involves rigorous testing, implementation and maintenance of software systems to ensure reliability, performance and scalability for end users.

What Is Computer Engineering?

Computer engineering combines principles of electrical engineering and computer science to design, build and maintain integrated hardware and software systems. The field focuses on how physical components and software work together in technologies such as circuit boards, processors, networks and embedded systems found in vehicles, medical devices and smart technology.

The study of computer engineering focuses on hardware-software interaction, system architecture and embedded systems to bridge the gap between physical components and the programs they rely on to operate effectively. Coursework emphasizes hardware design, system integration and software development.

Computer engineers are versatile because they develop a hybrid skill set that enables them to work across the full range of technology, from physical circuitry to the user-facing level. Their training emphasizes adaptability, troubleshooting and continuous learning to stay current with today’s rapidly evolving technologies.

The Difference Between Computer Science and Computer Engineering

Although the fields overlap, there are distinct differences between computer science and computer engineering. Computer science programs focus primarily on software, algorithms and theoretical problem-solving, while computer engineering programs emphasize the integration of hardware and software systems.

Typical coursework in computer science includes the study of data structures, algorithms, operating systems, AI databases and programming languages, with a more abstract, theory-driven approach. In contrast, coursework for computer engineering centers on digital systems, embedded systems, circuits and microprocessors, often incorporating hands-on lab work. This applied approach allows students to understand how to design and build physical computer components, circuits, robotics and more.

Computer engineering spans a broad scope, combining knowledge of essential technical foundations with problem-solving skills. It requires deep expertise in both the physical and logical aspects of computing, including electrical engineering and circuit design, alongside knowledge of programming languages and software engineering principles to achieve seamless hardware and software integration.

Career Advantages in Computer Engineering

Graduates with a computer engineering degree are well-positioned for a range of technical and leadership roles in the public and private sectors. Common career paths include systems engineer, hardware designer, embedded systems developer and Internet of Things (IoT) specialist.

Because computer engineers are trained in both hardware and software, they often enjoy greater career flexibility and access to high-demand roles. As technology continues to underpin nearly every industry, professionals with this dual expertise benefit from greater job security and long-term growth potential.

According to the U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics (BLS), the median annual salary for a computer hardware engineer was $155,020 in 2024. Entry-level salaries may range from $60,000 to $80,000, while professionals (depending on specialization and location) can earn up to $150,000 to $200,000 or more.

Why Computer Engineering May Be the Better Choice

When weighing the differences between computer science and computer engineering, computer engineering may offer greater versatility and broader applications. This dynamic field combines hardware and software expertise, opening doors to more diverse and technically complex roles.

Computer engineering graduates work in industries such as aerospace, automotive, healthcare, telecommunications, finance and government. Depending on the employer and role, professionals may help develop autonomous vehicle software, aircraft systems, industrial machinery, medical devices or secure network infrastructure.

There’s a growing demand for qualified professionals who understand the complexities of system design. UWA’s online Computer Engineering Technology program can help graduates develop a systems-level perspective, making them essential contributors to modern technology development.

How Does UWA’s Computer Engineering Technology Program Set You Apart?

An online Bachelor of Science in Computer Engineering Technology degree from the University of West Alabama prepares students for in-demand technical careers through a practical, hands-on curriculum. With dedicated faculty support and a curriculum aligned with current industry standards, students gain technical expertise and problem-solving abilities that employers actively seek. UWA’s commitment to accessible, quality education means graduates are equipped to thrive in a rapidly evolving technological landscape.

Designed for working professionals, UWA’s flexible online format makes it easier to balance education with career and personal commitments. The program emphasizes industry-relevant skills that help graduates transition confidently into computer engineering roles. Explore more about UWA’s Computer Engineering Technology program or apply online today, and take the next step toward a career in this dynamic field.

Learn more about the University of West Alabama’s online Computer Engineering Technology program.